影响Al-Ti-C对铝合金细化效果的因素分析

研究了熔炼温度、合金元素及稀土Ce对Al-Ti-C作用效果的影响,并从理论上分析它们的作用机理.结果表明,熔炼温度在760 ℃时Al-Ti-C的细化效果较为显著;合金元素Si的过剩量对Al-Ti-C的作用效果较为敏感,对于Al-Mg-Si系合金Si元素的含量不宜超过0.5%;适量稀土Ce能合理改善Al-Ti-C中间合金的处理效果,处理后的试样具有较高的伸长率和抗拉强度.     

锆在镁及镁合金中的作用

镁合金作为一种新型的工程材料具有许多独特的优点,锆作为微量元素加入到镁合金中,可以细化合金的微观组织,显著提高材料的力学性能,减少夹杂,改善镁合金的抗腐蚀性能等。论述了锆元素对镁合金各项性能的作用机理、锆元素细化镁合金晶粒的机制,提出合金制备过程中的加锆方式应是含锆镁合金今后研究的重点。     

紫杂铜复合精炼工艺的研究

研究了稀土元素La、Ce、Y与普通木炭复合精炼工艺对紫杂铜精炼组织、性能的影响.研究结果表明:复合精炼工艺能有效脱除铜液中的氢、氧及其它夹杂,提高无氧铜的成材率.稀土元素La、Ce、Y的加入均可改善紫铜的综合性能,其精炼效果以Y为最优.     

多孔喷吹钢包内流动和混合过程的数学物理模拟

通过对多孔喷吹钢包内流动和混合过程的数学模拟和物理模拟，考察了六种不同喷吹方式下钢包内的流动及混合特征，提出了能获得以软吹且混合快为目的的喷嘴布置及考虑喷嘴个数影响的混合时间关系式。数学模拟与物理模拟的结果相一致．     

20Mn2钢晶粒超细化及性能

借鉴超塑预处理细化晶粒的思路，在20Mn2钢中加入与其液态(1650℃）密度相同、且不溶于钢的ZrC粒子，使其成为钢在热轧时的形变核心和奥氏体及形变诱导铁素体的再结晶核心。并综合引入形变强化、相变强化、第二相弥散强化效应及细晶强化效应，使两种状态试验钢晶粒尺寸均细化到1—2μm。与20Mn2钢相比，淬火态试验钢σ0.2和σb分别提高187．0％和131．8％。同时，延伸率也有所提高；油淬态试验钢的σ0.2和σb分别提高为39．9％和34．2％，与20Mn2钢的塑性指标相比，油淬及低温回火态延伸率分别提高了90％和111％。     

在铝铸轧过程中使用Al-Ti-B丝应注意的几个问题

试验对比研究了在铝铸轧过程中，添加进口Al-Ti-B丝、国产Al-Ti-B丝和未添加Al-Ti-B丝细化剂对产品性能的影响，以及Al-5Ti-1B丝中金属问化合物尺寸、弥散度，以及Al-Ti-B丝中Ti、B含量比值，Ti、B含量，Al-Ti-B丝添加量、添加方式等对细化铝晶粒效果的影响。     

Design optimization of cast Cu-Al-Be-B alloys for high clamping capacity

This paper investigated high-damping Cu-Al-Be-B cast alloys using metallographic analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrical resistance measurements for transformation temperatures. The results showed that beryllium can stabilize β phase, resulting in a thermo-elastic martensite microstructure leading to high-damping capacity in cast Cu-Al-BeB alloys. Trace additions of boron to Cu-Al-Be alloys can significantly refine the grains, providing high strength and ductility to the alloys. A factorial design of experiment method was used to optimize the composition and properties of cast Cu-Al-BeB alloys. The optimal microstructure for thermo-elastic martensite can be obtained by adjusting the amounts of aluminum and beryllium to eutectoid or pseudo-eutectoid compositions. An optimized cast Cu-Al-Be-B alloy was developed to provide excellent mechanical properties, tensile strength σb = 767 MPa, elongation δ = 7.62 %, and damping capacity S. D.C =18.70%.     

Image segmentation of small defects in precision weldments with complex structure

In this paper, the X-ray nondestructive test method of small defects in precision weldments with complex structure was presented. To resolve the difficulty of defect segmentation in variable grey image, the image processing based on Visual Basic programming method was adopted. The methods of automatic contrast and partial grey stretch were used to enhance the X-ray detection image which has relatively low contrast, then automatic threshold method was carried out to segment the two high intensity zones, and weld zones which contain the small defects was extracted. Smoothing and sharpen processing were proceeded on the extracted weld zones, and small defects in X-ray detection image of weldments with complex structure were segmented by using the method of background subtraction in the end. The effects of raster were eliminated, and because of that the image processing was only proceeded on the extracted weld zones, the calculated speed using the above provided algorithm was improved.     

RH加钛时机和纯循环时间对IF钢洁净度影响

为进一步提升RH精炼的冶炼效率,更好与高拉速连铸相匹配,对RH冶炼IF钢过程中加Ti时机和纯循环时间对夹杂物的影响开展了试验研究。结果表明,钢液中T.O质量分数在加Al 5 min后小于0.003 0%;夹杂物的数密度在合金化4~5 min后具有最小值,随后增加纯循环时间,夹杂物的数密度无明显变化。在300 t RH工业生产实践中,Al-Ti间隔时间为2 min、纯循环时间为5 min和Al-Ti间隔3 min、纯循环4 min的处理工艺可以保证钢液中的夹杂物充分上浮去除,夹杂物的数密度为0.7~0.8个/mm2,可以实现RH的高效化精炼。在Al-Ti间隔时间大于1 min、纯循环时间大于3 min的操作条件下钢液中未检测到尺寸大于50 μm的夹杂物。基于以上工艺优化,IF钢的RH真空处理时间已经降低至20 min。向钢液中加入Al后主要形成Al₂O₃夹杂物,加入钛铁合金化后钢液中会形成富[Ti]区域,[Ti]将Al₂O₃还原而生成Al-Ti氧化物。随着[Ti]在钢液内的扩散以及Al-Ti氧化物的生成,钢液中的[Al]将Al-Ti氧化物还原而生成Al₂O₃,最终生成以Al-Ti氧化物为核心、外层由Al₂O₃包裹的复合夹杂物。     

电弧炉短流程冶炼石油套管钢中夹杂物的演变规律

为研究石油套管钢(34Mn6)中夹杂物的演变规律,对钙处理效果进行精准化控制,进行全流程取样分析,通过采用SEM-EDS分析夹杂物形貌和成分,同时结合Aspex夹杂物自动分析仪统计夹杂物的数量、成分和尺寸分布。研究结果表明,LF精炼具有较好的脱硫与脱氧能力;钙处理前,由于渣钢反应的进行,夹杂物数量明显减少,夹杂物成分中SiO₂含量增加;经过钙处理后,夹杂物成分发生显著变化,由MgO-Al₂O₃系转变为MgO-Al₂O₃-CaO系和SiO₂-Al₂O₃-CaO系,夹杂物形貌由尖角夹杂向球状夹杂过渡。在铸坯中,夹杂物数量减少,其成分已偏离液相区,向富CaO区域移动。对钙处理进行优化,通过利用热力学软件FactSage进行计算,得出钢液中钙的质量分数稳定在0.001 3%时对夹杂物的改性效果最佳,钢液中的夹杂物控制较好。